SkillBridge Explained: How It Works and How to Prepare Before Separation

The SkillBridge program is often described as "up to 180 days," which sounds straightforward until you actually try to plan around it. In practice, SkillBridge can be extremely valuable, but only if you understand how it really fits into your separation timeline.

Quick Answer: What is SkillBridge?
SkillBridge is a DoW program that lets eligible service members do civilian internships, training, or apprenticeships during their last 180 days of active duty while still receiving full pay and benefits. You need command approval, and the actual participation time is usually 60-120 days after accounting for terminal leave and out-processing.

This guide explains what SkillBridge is, who it tends to work best for, how long it realistically lasts, what the step-by-step application process looks like, and what you should prepare before applying.

This is especially useful if you are roughly 9 to 12 months from separation and trying to decide whether SkillBridge makes sense for your situation.

For a broader view of how SkillBridge fits alongside medical, VA, and administrative tasks, it helps to review the military to civilian transition timeline and the complete separation checklist.

What SkillBridge Actually Is

SkillBridge is a Department of War program that allows eligible service members to participate in approved civilian training, internships, or employment programs during the final portion of active duty service.

You remain on active duty during SkillBridge and continue to receive pay and benefits. Participation requires command approval and must align with separation requirements.

Key Program Details:

• Authorized by: 10 U.S.C. § 1143 (2011)
• Eligibility: Active duty members within 180 days of separation or retirement (Guard/Reserve members may qualify under specific circumstances)
• Pay status: Full active duty pay and benefits, including BAH, BAS, and Tricare
• Location: Can be done at approved company sites (often remote-friendly post-COVID)
• Cost: No tuition or fees—companies partner with DoW voluntarily
• Obligation: No service commitment or payback requirement

Unlike terminal leave (where you're off the books early), SkillBridge keeps you on active duty orders. This matters for medical coverage, final pay calculations, and how your separation date is recorded.

The "Up to 180 Days" Reality

One of the most common sources of confusion is the "up to 180 days" language used to describe SkillBridge.

SkillBridge must take place within your final 180 days of active duty service. That same window often also includes terminal leave, permissive TDY for house or job hunting if applicable, and required out processing.

Here's the math that trips people up:

Let's say your separation date is June 30, 2026. Your 180-day window opens on January 2, 2026.

• You have 60 days of terminal leave saved up
• You need 10 days minimum for final out-processing (medical out-processing, CIF turn-in, final dental, etc.)
• You want to use 10 days permissive TDY for house hunting

Your actual SkillBridge participation window: 100 days (180 - 60 - 10 - 10 = 100)

Most service members end up doing 60-120 days of actual SkillBridge participation, not the full 180. The "up to 180 days" is the eligibility window, not the participation guarantee.

Pro tip: Some people front-load out-processing tasks (start medical appointments at 9-12 months out) to maximize SkillBridge time. Others back-load terminal leave and compress SkillBridge to 60-90 days. Neither is wrong—it depends on your priorities and command's flexibility.

This is why mapping everything onto a single timeline early is critical.

Who SkillBridge Is Best Suited For

SkillBridge tends to be most helpful if you are:

• Transitioning into a new career field (cyber, tech, healthcare, skilled trades)
• Looking to gain civilian experience before separation (especially if you've been in 10+ years and only know military work culture)
• Comfortable navigating uncertainty and approvals (command denial is possible; you need a backup plan)
• Prepared to coordinate with leadership early (6-9 months out minimum)
• Geographically flexible (best opportunities are in tech hubs, major metros, or remote positions)

SkillBridge is less useful if:

• You already have a firm civilian job offer with a start date (unless your employer is a SkillBridge partner and wants you to start early)
• Your career field doesn't benefit from internship-style experience (some finance, federal jobs, etc.)
• Your command has a history of denying SkillBridge requests due to manning shortages
• You're separating with less than 6 months notice (not enough time to apply and get approved)

Real talk: SkillBridge approval is not guaranteed. Even if you find a perfect company and submit paperwork on time, your command can say no. This is more common in undermanned career fields or if you haven't completed all out-processing requirements.

Where SkillBridge Fits in the Separation Timeline

• 9 to 12 months out: research, resume updates, initial conversations
• 6 months out: applications, command approval, coordination
• Final months: SkillBridge participation if approved

SkillBridge planning overlaps heavily with medical documentation, VA preparation, and administrative deadlines.

Step-by-Step: How to Apply for SkillBridge

Timeline: Start 9-12 months before separation

Step 1: Research Approved Companies (9-12 months out)

The Department of War maintains the official list of approved SkillBridge partner companies at skillbridge.osd.mil/locations.htm. As of 2025, there are 300+ approved organizations across industries like:

• Tech/Cyber: Microsoft, Amazon, Google, Salesforce, ServiceNow
• Healthcare: Cigna, Kaiser Permanente, CVS Health
• Skilled Trades: HVAC, electrical, plumbing apprenticeships
• Corporate: JPMorgan Chase, USAA, Deloitte, Accenture
• Nonprofit: Hiring Our Heroes, VetsinTech, FourBlock

Community-driven sites like Rate My SkillBridge provide firsthand feedback from service members who completed specific programs. Look for reviews about hiring rates, remote flexibility, and quality of mentorship.

Pro tip: Companies on the official list have already been vetted by DoW. You don't need to worry about whether they're "approved"—focus on fit and location.

Step 2: Prepare Your Application Materials (9 months out)

Before reaching out to companies, you need:

Resume (civilian format):

• Remove military jargon (translate MOS/AFSC to civilian job titles)
• Focus on measurable outcomes ("reduced processing time by 40%" vs. "managed program")
• Use a clean, ATS-friendly template (not the overly designed ones)

LinkedIn profile:

• Professional headshot (not your service portrait unless you're staying in defense contracting)
• Headline that includes your target role ("Transitioning USAF Cyber Operator | Security Clearance | Seeking Cloud Security Roles")
• "Open to work" badge visible

Elevator pitch:

• 30-second version of who you are, what you did, and what you're looking for
• Practice saying it without military acronyms

Security clearance verification:

• Know your clearance level, adjudication date, and whether it's active or current
• For tech/defense roles, this is often your biggest advantage

Step 3: Apply to Companies (6-9 months out)

Most SkillBridge programs have their own application process separate from the DoW approval:

1. Find the company's SkillBridge page (usually under Careers → Military Programs)
2. Submit application (resume, cover letter explaining SkillBridge, preferred start date)
3. Interview (often 1-3 rounds, similar to civilian hiring)
4. Get informal offer (not a job offer—an agreement to host you for SkillBridge)

Timeline reality: Some companies respond in 2 weeks. Others take 60+ days. Apply to 3-5 companies to hedge your bets.

Step 4: Get Command Approval (6 months out minimum)

Once you have a company willing to host you, you need formal approval:

Required documentation (varies by branch):

• Army: DA Form 31 (Leave Form) + MFR (Memorandum for Record)
• Navy: 1306/7 (Special Request Chit)
• Air Force: AF Form 988 (Leave Request/Authorization) + MFR
• Marine Corps: Request submitted through your command
• Space Force: Follow Air Force process

What to include in your request:

• Company name and SkillBridge program details
• Proposed start/end dates
• Location (on-site vs. remote)
• How it aligns with your post-military career goals
• Confirmation that all out-processing will be completed before or during SkillBridge

Chain of command buy-in:

• Talk to your direct supervisor first (informal conversation)
• Address manning concerns upfront ("I'll complete all turnover by [date]")
• Be prepared to adjust dates if needed

Approval timeline: 2-6 weeks depending on your command's process. Some units require O-6 approval; others delegate to O-3/O-4 level.

Step 5: Finalize and Execute (Final months)

Once approved:

• Sign final paperwork with the company (SkillBridge agreement, sometimes NDA)
• Confirm your separation date hasn't changed (if it does, you may need to resubmit)
• Front-load out-processing if possible (medical, dental, CIF) so they don't interfere with SkillBridge
• Set up a battle rhythm with your SkillBridge supervisor (check-ins, deliverables, etc.)

During SkillBridge:

• Treat it like a 90-day audition (many companies convert 30-50% of SkillBridge participants to full-time hires)
• Network internally (set up coffee chats with people in roles you're interested in)
• Document your work (you'll need it for your resume post-separation)

What to Prepare Before Applying

In addition to the step-by-step process above, you should prepare:

• A backup plan if SkillBridge is not approved (command can deny for manning, timing, or mission needs)
• Clear communication with your supervisor and leadership (don't surprise them with a packet 60 days out)
• Realistic expectations about hiring outcomes (SkillBridge is not a job guarantee—it's a foot in the door)
• Financial runway (if the company doesn't hire you, you need a plan for post-separation income)

Common SkillBridge Mistakes (And How to Avoid Them)

Mistake #1: Waiting too long to start planning

• Why it's bad: Best companies fill up 6-9 months in advance. If you start researching at 4 months out, you're competing for scraps.
• Fix: Start researching at 12 months out, apply at 9 months out, finalize approval by 6 months out.

Mistake #2: Assuming approval without command buy-in

• Why it's bad: Your command can deny your request even if the company says yes. I've seen people get company offers and then get denied 30 days before their SkillBridge start date.
• Fix: Have an informal conversation with your supervisor before applying to companies. Ask, "If I find a SkillBridge opportunity, would this unit support it given our manning situation?"

Mistake #3: Misunderstanding how SkillBridge interacts with terminal leave

• Why it's bad: You can't take terminal leave and do SkillBridge at the same time. They're mutually exclusive. Some people think they can "stack" them and end up with math that doesn't work.
• Fix: Use the 180-day calculation I shared earlier. Map out exactly when you'll do out-processing, SkillBridge, and terminal leave.

Mistake #4: Pausing all other transition planning while waiting for approval

• Why it's bad: If SkillBridge falls through (denial, company pulls out, timing doesn't work), you're now behind on VA claims, resume building, job applications, etc.
• Fix: Treat SkillBridge as one part of your transition, not the entire plan. Continue working on your VA claim, TSP rollover research, resume, LinkedIn, and job applications in parallel.

Mistake #5: Not treating SkillBridge like a real job interview

• Why it's bad: Companies can end your SkillBridge early if you're not performing. I've heard of people showing up late, missing deadlines, or treating it like a casual internship. They didn't get hired.
• Fix: Show up early, ask for feedback often, volunteer for extra projects, and network like your post-military career depends on it (because it does).

Mistake #6: Ignoring branch-specific policies

• Why it's bad: Air Force allows SkillBridge during your final 180 days. Army allows it during final 180 days but has stricter out-processing timelines. Navy requires completion of TAPS before SkillBridge starts. If you don't know your branch's rules, your packet gets kicked back.
• Fix: Check your branch's SkillBridge policy page (linked in resources below) before submitting anything.

SkillBridge vs. Other Transition Programs

Confused about how SkillBridge compares to other options? Here's the breakdown:

Key difference: SkillBridge is the only program that gives you 60-180 days of full-time civilian work experience while still on active duty pay. Terminal leave gets you out early, but you're not working. Permissive TDY is short-term (days, not months). VOW requires you to use leave or go unpaid.

Branch-Specific SkillBridge Policies

Each branch has slightly different rules. Here's what matters:

Air Force & Space Force

• Policy: AFI 36-3003, Attachment 24
• Key rule: Must complete Transition Assistance Program (TAP) before SkillBridge starts
• Approval authority: Squadron commander or higher
• Terminal leave: Can be taken after SkillBridge (most common) or split before/after
• Remote work: Generally allowed if company approves

Army

• Policy: AR 600-8-10, Chapter 6
• Key rule: Must complete SFL-TAP (Soldier for Life) before SkillBridge
• Approval authority: Battalion commander or higher
• Terminal leave: Typically taken after SkillBridge due to strict out-processing timelines
• Remote work: Allowed, but some commands require on-site participation

Navy

• Policy: MILPERSMAN 1306-303
• Key rule: Must complete Career Readiness Standards (CRS) e-learning and TAP workshop before SkillBridge
• Approval authority: Commanding officer
• Terminal leave: Can be taken before or after SkillBridge
• Remote work: Allowed with command approval

Marine Corps

• Policy: MCO 1040.43
• Key rule: Must have completed TAP curriculum and Individual Transition Plan (ITP)
• Approval authority: Commanding officer
• Terminal leave: Typically back-loaded after SkillBridge
• Remote work: Case-by-case basis (less common than other branches)

Coast Guard

• Policy: COMDTINST M1000.6A
• Key rule: Must complete TGPS (Transition Goals, Plans, Success) workshop
• Approval authority: Commanding officer
• Terminal leave: Flexible timing
• Remote work: Allowed with approval

Bottom line: Check your branch-specific policy before applying. The eligibility window is the same (180 days), but the approval process and prerequisite requirements differ.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Can I do SkillBridge if I'm Guard or Reserve?
A: It depends. Active Guard/Reserve (AGR) members on Title 10 orders are eligible during their final 180 days before transitioning off active duty. Traditional Guard/Reserve members (drilling status) are generally not eligible unless they're on active duty orders for 180+ consecutive days. Check with your branch's SkillBridge POC.

Q: Does SkillBridge count against my terminal leave?
A: No. SkillBridge and terminal leave are separate. You participate in SkillBridge while still on active duty, then take terminal leave after SkillBridge ends (or before, depending on your timeline). They do not overlap.

Q: What if my command denies my SkillBridge request?
A: Command denial is final in most cases. You can ask for feedback on why it was denied and whether adjusting dates or companies would change the decision, but there's no formal appeal process. This is why having a backup transition plan is critical.

Q: Can I do SkillBridge remotely?
A: Yes, if the company offers remote participation and your command approves it. Post-COVID, many SkillBridge programs shifted to remote or hybrid models. You'll still need to be available during normal business hours and may need to travel for onboarding or key events.

Q: Do I have to live near the company's location?
A: Not necessarily. Many programs are fully remote. For on-site programs, some service members relocate early (using permissive TDY or out of pocket) while others commute if the location is within driving distance of their base.

Q: What happens if I get hired by the SkillBridge company?
A: If they extend a job offer, you'll start after your separation date (after terminal leave ends). Some companies let you begin onboarding paperwork during SkillBridge, but your actual employment start date must be after you're off active duty.

Q: Can I do SkillBridge with a company not on the approved list?
A: No. Only DoW-approved organizations can host SkillBridge participants. If you find a company you want to work with that's not on the list, you can ask them to apply for SkillBridge partnership, but the approval process takes months. Stick with the approved list.

Q: What if I get orders (PCS, deployment, TDY) during my SkillBridge window?
A: Orders take precedence. If you receive PCS or deployment orders that conflict with SkillBridge, your participation ends. This is rare within 180 days of separation, but it can happen (especially for recall to active duty or stop-loss scenarios).

Q: Does SkillBridge look good on a resume?
A: Yes, especially if you're changing careers. List it under "Experience" with the company name, your role (e.g., "Software Engineering Intern - SkillBridge Program"), dates, and 3-4 bullet points describing what you did. Employers understand SkillBridge and view it as relevant civilian experience.

Q: Can I do two SkillBridge programs back-to-back?
A: Technically yes, if both companies agree to shorter durations and you have enough time within your 180-day window. Practically, this is uncommon. Most people do one 60-120 day program rather than splitting time between two companies.

Final Thoughts

SkillBridge can be an excellent opportunity when it aligns with your goals and timeline. It is not required, and it is not a guaranteed job offer.

This guide focuses on understanding and preparing for SkillBridge as part of separation. Employer selection, application strategies, and acceptance outcomes deserve their own deeper guides.

About the author: Bruce Goren is an Air Force member retiring in February 2026. As part of his transition, he participated in the SkillBridge program through AllegiantVets and later completed on-the-job training through Service2Software, which helped inform the practical guidance shared here.